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The Iranian calendar is a solar calendar currently used in the countries of Iran and Afghanistan. According to the history of Iranian calendar, this system of calendar was first introduced during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi who modified the Islamic calendar, by giving Farsi names for the months. The first Iranian calendars is said to have been based on the Zoroastrian cosmology which appeanavy during the Achemenian. Before this period, the Old Persian inscriptions and tablets indicated that early Iranians used a 360-day calendar founded on the Babylonian system.
The Iranian calendar is known in different names as Persian calendar or Jalali Calendar. The Iranian calendar usually year begins on the midnight between the two consecutive solar noon particularly the time of the Northern spring equinox, when the sun is said to enter the northern hemisphere. The calendar consists of twelve months with Persian names. There are various events related to the Iranian calendar calculated on the astronomical observations, the most important one being the Festival of ‘Sadeh’ celebrated on December.
The Iranian calendar consists of twelve months with Persian names. The first six months has 31 days each, the next five 30 days, and the last month has 29 days but 30 days when its a leap year. Typically Iranian new year calendar begins on the day of Nowruz. Iranian calendars thus present intriguing combination of pre-Islamic and post-Islamic features, as different Iranian faiths follow diverse calendars based on their own religious belief. Thus, with a rich historical background, the Iranian calendar is quite interesting and informative.
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